Sociology Mcqs – MCQs

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1.What does the term 'new racism' primarily describe?

A more subtle type of bias concealed behind expressions of national prideA postmodern critique that exposes the superficiality of racist beliefsDiscriminatory behaviors emerging in modern social domains like the internetA movement opposing fascism that confronts nationalist ideologies

2.What does ethnic identity primarily signify?

The official ethnic classifications recorded in census dataA personal feeling of belonging to a group based on shared religion, language, or historyThe assignment of a racial category to a minority group by a dominant majorityThe diverse and divided characteristics within ethnic groups

3.What do both the functionalist and conflict theories agree on regarding ethnic and class divisions?

If ethnic hierarchy remains in society, conflict will lessen as individuals adapt to the system.Ethnic inequality continues only when it benefits those who hold authority.Tensions are most intense and frequent when social class divisions overlap with ethnic differences.None of these statements are correct.

4.What does a split labor market primarily contribute to?

It forms the basis for ethnic conflicts.It leads to clearer norms and role definitions.It separates managerial staff from operational employees.None of the above.

5.According to functionalist theory, ethnic conflict, despite being disruptive, can serve several important roles in society. Which of the following is NOT considered one of these beneficial roles?

Conflict encourages the formation and solidarity of social groups.Hostilities can be redirected toward acceptable targets, acting as a societal safety valve through scapegoating.Multiple conflicts among various groups can support the development of a democratic society rather than an authoritarian one.Ethnic conflicts arising from social stratification may occur with excessive frequency and severity.Ethnic tensions help maintain social order by reinforcing shared cultural values.

6.What best describes institutional discrimination?

It excludes the concept of environmental racism.It happens because equal opportunity leads to equal results.It partially occurs when those in control favor admitting individuals similar to themselves into roles of influence and status.None of these options are correct.

7.What does symbolic racism primarily represent?

It is another name for racial harmonyIt is identical to conventional racial biasIt reflects white individuals' fears that decreasing racial disparities will threaten their historically privileged position in the U.S.It does not influence white people's views on racial policies

8.In what way does racial and ethnic stratification stand apart from other types of social stratification?

Racial and ethnic groups frequently have the ability to establish their own sovereign nations within the current state.It is more difficult to eradicate racial and ethnic stratification compared to other social hierarchies.Other forms of social stratification originate from racial and ethnic divisions.All the statements above are true.

9.What defines ethnic groups?

Groups distinguished by shared cultural characteristicsGroups determined only by citizenshipGroups living within limited geographical areasGroups that, unlike racial categories, are formed through social processes

10.What term describes the scattering of an ethnic group from their native land to other regions, frequently under coercive circumstances?

relocationworld integrationimperial expansiondiaspora

11.Which migration model allows foreigners to enter a country temporarily, usually for work, without granting them citizenship?

12.What term describes the process where immigrants are expected to embrace the dominant culture and values of the host society?

assimilationmelting potcultural pluralismmulticulturalism

13.What term describes actions directed at a person or group that result in unequal treatment compared to others?

14.Which term refers to the shared cultural customs and perspectives of a specific group that distinguish them from other groups?

15.What term describes the official policy of enforced racial separation in South Africa?

16.Which theoretical framework views racism as a common and ordinary experience for people of color, rather than an exception to a non-racist standard?

17.How is multiculturalism best defined?

The presence of various cultural groups within one communityStrategies that promote peaceful coexistence among different ethnic communitiesThe process where newcomers fully embrace the traditions of the dominant cultureEthnic communities maintaining distinct cultural identities without integration

18.Which term refers to rigid and oversimplified beliefs about particular social groups?

stereotypesprejudicescapegoatingdiscrimination

19.Why do sociologists often place race in scare quotes when addressing the topic?

Because race is a complicated idea with various interpretationsTo acknowledge the disagreement over how many races existSince race lacks scientific validity but remains commonly referencedTo separate the study of race from conversations about ethnicity