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1.What term did Merton use to describe the underlying or unnoticed cause behind a specific behavior?

function at the middle levelfunction related to consumptionlatent functionfunction related to structure

2.According to Bowles and Gintis, what does the correspondence principle imply about the role of schools?

Schools condition students for the workforce by instilling obedience.Educators and parents usually share comparable views on education.Frequent letter writing in children enhances their language skills.The academic performance of boys and girls has recently equalized.

3.According to Bowlby’s maternal deprivation hypothesis, what is the impact of a lack of early secure attachment to the mother?

Mothers facing financial hardship are unable to provide their children with the same opportunities as others.Children who miss out on a stable early bond with their mother are likely to experience physical, cognitive, and social difficulties later in life.Motherhood is a role shaped by social expectations and reflected in new mothers’ stories.Deprivation is a trait passed down genetically, often through the maternal lineage.Children develop resilience despite the absence of maternal care in early years.

4.According to Symbolic Interactionist Theory, how did Mead describe the concept of the generalized other?

The collection of structural societal theories he opposedThe overall image we attempt to project to othersAn important early childhood figure who imparts societal normsA mental representation of how society at large views our actions

5.What does the concept of feminist standpoint primarily refer to?

Adopting a position on topics overlooked by feminist theoryAnalyzing society through the experiences and viewpoints of womenAcknowledging the variety and differences within women's experiencesOverlooking how knowledge is influenced by genderEmphasizing gender neutrality in social research

6.Which of the following points is considered a criticism of the sick role concept?

An individual's assessment of their health can be influenced by factors such as gender, age, social status, and ethnicity.The sick role tends to be more relevant for individuals with acute illnesses rather than those suffering from chronic or recurrent conditions.Basic aspects like employment status appear to impact a person's readiness to adopt the sick role.All of the above

7.What does the term 'ascribed status' primarily refer to?

Obtained by personal accomplishmentsAssigned by societal normsBoth assigned and earnedNeither assigned nor earned

8.What term describes a status that involves multiple roles simultaneously?

9.What is the term used to describe the set of behaviors anticipated from an individual occupying a specific social position?

10.Which of the following does NOT contribute to role confusion in contemporary society?

Expansion of role definitionsDiversity of ethical standardsGrowth in available social rolesNone of the above

11.Which of the following is NOT recognized as a type of sick role according to Friedson's classification?

12.What term describes social settings where people perform expected formal behaviors?

13.What term describes the set of social expectations associated with a particular status that an individual is expected to fulfill?

14.In contemporary societies, which factor is most commonly used to determine an individual's social standing?

15.What did Margaret Mead propose about adolescence and gender roles?

That adolescence and gender roles differ across cultures and are shaped by cultural influencesThat gender roles in three New Guinea cultures were the same, indicating a biological basisThat adolescence in the United States is generally less turbulent than in Japan and EuropeThat anthropological research can be challenging because researchers' biases influence their interpretations

16.According to Freud, what does the ego represent?

The hidden repository of instinctual urges that can be suppressedThe entire self, comprising a fluctuating blend of conscious and unconscious partsThe aware segment of the psyche that manages emotional impulses through rational and practical meansThe anxious aspect of the mind that desires acceptance and might experience feelings of inadequacy

17.According to role-learning theory, what is the process by which individuals adopt social roles?

Individuals internalize and assume social roles based on an existing framework.People develop and adjust their roles through social interactions with others.Social roles are flexible and diverse rather than fixed and stable.Learning roles is necessary to control unconscious desires.

18.Which form of collective behavior is considered the broadest and most inclusive?

community attitudessocial movementsgossipmass gatherings

19.Role assignment based on merit predominantly limits social status to individuals who have which of the following?

Intellectual and bodily capabilitiesInherited advantages and favorable upbringingPrimarily relies on inherited backgroundNo applicable option

Sociology Mcqs – MCQs