Trade Regulations And Industrial Policies

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1.After World War II, the United States and other nations aimed to promote freer trade among themselves. What was the first significant postwar initiative to encourage trade liberalization?

2.Which of the following is NOT a core principle of the World Trade Organization?

Reducing tariffs through bilateral agreements to encourage trade opennessApplying the most-favored-nation principle (equal trade treatment)Ensuring non-discriminatory trade practices among membersBanning both import and export quotas

3.If the Japanese government offers its companies a $15 subsidy for every radio exported to Mexico, what will be the resulting price of radios in Mexico and the quantity of imports?

Radios in Mexico cost $60 each, with 30 units importedRadios in Mexico cost $30 each, and 30 units are importedRadios in Mexico cost $40 each, and 20 units are importedRadios in Mexico cost $20 each, with 40 units imported

4.What is the primary purpose of countervailing duties imposed by the U.S. government?

To combat foreign companies selling products below market value in the U.S.To neutralize subsidies given to overseas exporters targeting the U.S. market.To counteract protectionist policies enacted by foreign governments.To address strict environmental standards enforced by other countries.To penalize unfair labor practices abroad.

5.What does it mean when a country grants most favored nation (MFN) status, also known as normal trade relations, to another country?

Impose a lower tariff on that country's goods compared to all other countriesApply a tariff rate on that country's goods that is not higher than those applied to other countriesSet a higher tariff on that country's goods than on any other country's productsAllow exports of any products to that country without restrictionsProvide exclusive trade benefits not available to other countries

6.Which group exerts the greatest political influence to promote trade policies that increase protectionism?

Local employees advocating for limitations on importsLocal employees pushing for restrictions on exportsLocal buyers supporting limits on exportsLocal buyers urging for constraints on imports

7.Regarding economic sanctions, an export embargo causes larger consumer surplus losses in the targeted country when the country has:

a lower initial reliance on imported goods.a more elastic demand curve within the target country.a higher supply capacity from alternative providers.a less elastic supply curve in the target country.none of the above.

8.In 1980, the United States enforced export limits on grain shipments to the Soviet Union as a reaction to its military invasion of Afghanistan. If other countries do not boost their grain exports to the Soviets, which of the following outcomes is least likely to happen?

Grain prices in the Soviet Union would increaseThe Soviet consumers' surplus would declineGrain prices in the United States would increaseU.S. producers' export earnings would fallThe Soviet Union would import more grain from other countries