According to Anthony Walton’s essay, what does the term “double-bind” refer to for African-American women poets during the 1930s and 1940s?

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Enduring exhausting labor in low-paying jobs while managing large householdsFacing oppression both as women in a male-dominated society and as members of a marginalized racial group within a predominantly white cultureLacking formal education and struggling to find publishing opportunitiesBeing overlooked by traditional poetry audiences due to writing about the hardships of poverty

Explanation

The “double-bind” described by Walton highlights how African-American women poets were challenged simultaneously by gender discrimination in a patriarchal society and racial marginalization within a dominant white culture.