According to Grace Davie (1994), how is the typical religious stance in Western Europe described?

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a diversity of religions worshipping multiple deitieshaving faith without formal affiliationa decline of religion due to secular influencesparticipating in religious communities without personal faith

Explanation

Grace Davie (1994) coined the term 'believing without belonging' to describe the Western European trend where individuals maintain personal faith but do not formally associate with religious institutions.