According to surplus labor theories, what is assumed about labor in less developed countries (LDCs)?

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LDCs suffer from excessive population growthLabor has no role in producing output in LDCsThe marginal productivity of labor in LDCs is nearly zeroThere is a significant level of unemployment in urban areas of LDCs

Explanation

Surplus labor theories propose that in less developed countries, the additional output produced by an extra worker (marginal product of labor) is close to zero, indicating that labor beyond a certain point does not increase total production.