Consulting various books and journals about crime in Canada exemplifies which type of research?

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Research focused on understanding qualities and characteristicsA detailed study of cultures and social groupsResearch using existing sources and previously collected dataInvestigation conducted directly in the natural environmentObserving subjects without engaging with them

Explanation

Secondary research involves analyzing information that has already been gathered, such as books and journal articles. This contrasts with primary methods like qualitative research, ethnography, field research, or non-participant observation, which involve collecting new data firsthand.