During surgical removal of the parotid gland, which of the following structures is at risk of injury?

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The hypoglossal nerveThe motor nerve controlling the muscles involved in chewingThe external carotid artery, auriculotemporal nerve, and facial nerveThe lesser occipital nerve and the spinal accessory nerve

Explanation

The parotid gland is closely associated with several important anatomical structures. Among these, the external carotid artery, auriculotemporal nerve, and facial nerve are particularly vulnerable during surgical excision. Injury to these structures can lead to significant complications, making careful dissection essential.