During the compilation process of a PL/I program, what does the term "Machine independent optimization" refer to?

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Generating an enhanced optimization matrixIdentifying fundamental syntactic patterns via reductionsDetecting basic components and forming standardized symbolsEmploying a macro processor to generate improved assembly instructionsNone of the above

Explanation

Machine independent optimization involves creating an improved optimization matrix that is not tied to any specific hardware architecture. This allows the compiler to optimize code in a general way before machine-specific optimizations are applied.