What did formalism, as a literary theory or critical approach, primarily seek to introduce into the study of literature?

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Consideration of the historical context in which a work was createdA framework of objective standards for literary analysisInsight into the economic factors influencing a literary pieceRigid guidelines for assessing the literary merit of textsAn emphasis on the author's personal biography

Explanation

Formalism aimed to establish objective methods for analyzing literature, focusing on the text itself rather than external contexts such as history or economics. It provided systematic criteria to evaluate literary works based on their form and structure.