What is the name of the process that converts raw organic material into humus?

Explanation

Calcification refers to the accumulation of calcium salts in soil. Horizonation is the development of distinct soil layers. Illuviation describes the deposition of materials leached from upper soil layers into lower layers. Humification is the biological process by which organic matter decomposes and transforms into stable humus. Therefore, humification is the correct term for the conversion of raw organic matter into humus.