What term do sociologists use to describe the hierarchical arrangement of social classes and the mobility of individuals within these layers?

Explanation

The correct answer is social stratification, which refers to the systematic ranking of individuals in society based on factors like wealth, power, and status, as well as their ability to move between these social layers. Social control involves mechanisms to maintain order, social conflict pertains to struggles between groups, and social solidarity relates to the bonds that unite members of a society.