When the comparative advantage model is modified to factor in transportation expenses along with production costs, what outcome should we anticipate?

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Trade goods will be priced lower compared to a scenario without transportation expenses.Specialization will cease once the production costs between trading countries become identical.The quantity of trade will decrease relative to a situation with no transportation costs.The benefits derived from trade will increase beyond those seen without transportation costs.

Explanation

Including transportation costs in the comparative advantage model typically results in a reduction in the total volume of trade compared to a situation where such costs are ignored, as higher expenses limit the extent of beneficial exchanges.