Which method represents the highest level of engagement when entering a foreign market?

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Selling products abroad through exportsPartnering with a local company in a joint ventureGranting rights to produce or sell through licensingMaking a direct investment in foreign operationsFranchising the business model internationally

Explanation

Among the various modes of entering foreign markets, direct investment involves the greatest degree of commitment and control, as it requires establishing or acquiring business operations in the target country. Other methods like exporting, joint ventures, and licensing involve less involvement and risk.