Which of the following can lead to an increase in the real income of both domestic producers and consumers?

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Advancements in technology alone, excluding international tradeEngaging in international trade exclusively, without technological improvementsBoth technological advancements and participation in international tradeNeither improvements in technology nor international tradeNone of the above

Explanation

Real income for domestic producers and consumers can be enhanced through both technological progress and international trade. Technological advancements improve productivity and efficiency, while international trade allows access to a wider variety of goods and markets, benefiting the economy overall.