Which of the following is not recognized as a new type of community?

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Ethnic groups united by shared identity and experiences of marginalizationLGBTQ+ neighborhoods established in specific urban areasSociological groups created through unpopular academic presentationsOnline communities that exist solely within digital environments

Explanation

Options A, B, and D represent recognized new forms of communities: ethnic communities formed through shared identity and discrimination, gay villages in urban settings, and virtual communities existing in cyberspace. Option C, sociological groups formed by unpopular lectures, does not constitute a recognized new community type.