Which of the following represents latent functions of educational institutions?

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upholding social class divisionsfostering upward social movementinstilling national pridefacilitating subculture development and keeping students enrolled for extended periods

Explanation

Latent functions refer to the unintended or hidden outcomes of schools, such as enabling the creation of subcultures among students and ensuring that children remain in the educational system for a designated time. This contrasts with manifest functions like promoting nationalism or encouraging social mobility.