Within the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), what factor can influence a nation's competitiveness?

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Modifications in interest ratesForeign exchange market actions by the central bankChanges in internal wages and pricesCurrency devaluation

Explanation

In the EMU, countries share a common currency, so competitiveness cannot be altered through interest rate changes, central bank forex interventions, or currency devaluation. Instead, adjustments in domestic wages and prices are the primary means by which a country's competitiveness can vary.